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[title] => ZDRAVKA SEVER O PESTICIDIMA Doznajte kada i kako se mogu sigurno koristiti za ljude, životinje i okoliš
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Intenzivna poljoprivredna proizvodnja nezamisliva je bez upotrebe pesticida i zaštitni sredstva za koje se generalno tvrdi da su štetni po zdravlje ljudi. Međutim, po mišljenju agronoma, zaštitna sredstva nisu štetna ukoliko se primjenjuju prema uputama na deklaraciji odnosno ako se poštuju rokovi karence (vrijeme koje treba proteći od tretiranja do konzumacije proizvoda). Ipak, nedavno objavljena studija „Spasimo pčele i poljoprivrednike“, koju je pokrenula Europska građanska inicijativa (ECI), tvrdi da su pesticidi svuda oko nas, u hrani, vodi, voću, povrću pa čak i kućnoj prašini.
---
---
Više o ovoj temi doznali smo u Hrvatskoj agenciji za poljoprivredu i hranu (HAPIH-u).
- Pesticidi, točnije sredstva za zaštitu bilja još uvijek su nezamjenjiv dio današnje suvremene poljoprivrede. Odobravanje i primjena sredstava za zaštitu bilja vrlo su strogo zakonski regulirani. Propisi koji su trenutno važeći u Europskoj uniji vezani uz područje sredstava za zaštitu bilja najstroži su na svijetu, naglašava voditeljica centra za zaštitu bilja HAPIH-a, dr.sc. Zdravka Sever.
- Sredstva za zaštitu bilja i aktivne tvari se na razini EU odobravaju na temelju Uredbe (EZ) br. 1107/2009 Europskoga Parlamenta i Vijeća od 21. listopada 2009. o stavljanju na tržište sredstava za zaštitu bilja i ukidanju Direktiva Vijeća 79/117/EEZ i 91/414/EEZ. Upravo je svrha navedene Uredbe osigurati visoku razinu zaštite zdravlja ljudi i životinja, kao i okoliša te istodobno zajamčiti konkurentnost poljoprivredne Zajednice. Posebna se pozornost treba posvetiti zaštiti ranjivih skupina stanovništva, uključujući trudnice, dojenčad i djecu. Potrebno je primjenjivati načelo predostrožnosti te ova Uredba treba osigurati da industrija dokazuje da tvari ili sredstva proizvedena ili stavljena na tržište nemaju štetno djelovanje na zdravlje ljudi ili životinja ili bilo kakve neprihvatljive učinke na okoliš.
Kako bi se neko sredstvo za zaštitu bilja stavilo na tržište EU, potrebno je proizvesti veliki broj studija i pokusa iz različitih područja ocjene sredstava za zaštitu bilja, kao što su fizikalno-kemijska svojstva, analitičke metode, toksikologija sisavaca, ostaci pesticida, ponašanje u okolišu, ekotoksikologija i učinkovitost. Kada se na osnovi dostavljenih podataka utvrdi kako neko sredstvo za zaštitu bilja udovoljava svim propisanim kriterijima, ono se može staviti na tržište Republike Hrvatske na temelju rješenja Ministarstva poljoprivrede te se tada smatra sigurnim za primjenu prema uvjetima propisanima na rješenju i etiketi sredstva za zaštitu bilja, pojašnjava Sever.
U postupku ocjene dokumentacije sredstava za zaštitu bilja i procjene rizika, mogu se propisati i određene mjere za smanjenje rizika koje je svaki primjenitelj dužan poštivati prilikom primjene nekog sredstva za zaštitu bilja, bilo da se radi o mjerama za zaštitu ljudi ili okoliša. Nadalje, prilikom primjene neophodno je pridržavati se propisanih mjera za smanjenje rizika, ograničenja primjene, propisanih količina sredstva, najvećeg broja primjena, karence te kultura na kojima se određeno sredstvo za zaštitu bilja smije primjenjivati i dr. jer se tako osigurava sigurna primjena sredstva za zaštitu bilja za ljude, životinje i okoliš. Iz navedenog proizlazi i odgovornost svakog pojedinog primjenitelja sredstva za zaštitu bilja, koji može i mora doprinijeti sigurnosti lokalne zajednice i okoliša te potrošača.
---
---
U Republici Hrvatskoj smiju se primjenjivati samo sredstva za zaštitu bilja za koja je Ministarstvo poljoprivrede izdalo odgovarajuće rješenje. Također, sva sredstva za zaštitu bilja koja se primjenjuju ne smiju sadržavati aktivne tvari koje nisu odobrene na razini EU-a, zaključuje voditeljica centra za zaštitu bilja HAPIH-a, dr.sc. Zdravka Sever.
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Intenzivna poljoprivredna proizvodnja nezamisliva je bez upotrebe pesticida i zaštitni sredstva za koje se generalno tvrdi da su štetni po zdravlje ljudi. Međutim, po mišljenju agronoma, zaštitna sredstva nisu štetna ukoliko se primjenjuju prema uputama na deklaraciji odnosno ako se poštuju rokovi karence (vrijeme koje treba proteći od tretiranja do konzumacije proizvoda). Ipak, nedavno objavljena studija „Spasimo pčele i poljoprivrednike“, koju je pokrenula Europska građanska inicijativa (ECI), tvrdi da su pesticidi svuda oko nas, u hrani, vodi, voću, povrću pa čak i kućnoj prašini.
---
---
Više o ovoj temi doznali smo u Hrvatskoj agenciji za poljoprivredu i hranu (HAPIH-u).
- Pesticidi, točnije sredstva za zaštitu bilja još uvijek su nezamjenjiv dio današnje suvremene poljoprivrede. Odobravanje i primjena sredstava za zaštitu bilja vrlo su strogo zakonski regulirani. Propisi koji su trenutno važeći u Europskoj uniji vezani uz područje sredstava za zaštitu bilja najstroži su na svijetu, naglašava voditeljica centra za zaštitu bilja HAPIH-a, dr.sc. Zdravka Sever.
- Sredstva za zaštitu bilja i aktivne tvari se na razini EU odobravaju na temelju Uredbe (EZ) br. 1107/2009 Europskoga Parlamenta i Vijeća od 21. listopada 2009. o stavljanju na tržište sredstava za zaštitu bilja i ukidanju Direktiva Vijeća 79/117/EEZ i 91/414/EEZ. Upravo je svrha navedene Uredbe osigurati visoku razinu zaštite zdravlja ljudi i životinja, kao i okoliša te istodobno zajamčiti konkurentnost poljoprivredne Zajednice. Posebna se pozornost treba posvetiti zaštiti ranjivih skupina stanovništva, uključujući trudnice, dojenčad i djecu. Potrebno je primjenjivati načelo predostrožnosti te ova Uredba treba osigurati da industrija dokazuje da tvari ili sredstva proizvedena ili stavljena na tržište nemaju štetno djelovanje na zdravlje ljudi ili životinja ili bilo kakve neprihvatljive učinke na okoliš.
Kako bi se neko sredstvo za zaštitu bilja stavilo na tržište EU, potrebno je proizvesti veliki broj studija i pokusa iz različitih područja ocjene sredstava za zaštitu bilja, kao što su fizikalno-kemijska svojstva, analitičke metode, toksikologija sisavaca, ostaci pesticida, ponašanje u okolišu, ekotoksikologija i učinkovitost. Kada se na osnovi dostavljenih podataka utvrdi kako neko sredstvo za zaštitu bilja udovoljava svim propisanim kriterijima, ono se može staviti na tržište Republike Hrvatske na temelju rješenja Ministarstva poljoprivrede te se tada smatra sigurnim za primjenu prema uvjetima propisanima na rješenju i etiketi sredstva za zaštitu bilja, pojašnjava Sever.
U postupku ocjene dokumentacije sredstava za zaštitu bilja i procjene rizika, mogu se propisati i određene mjere za smanjenje rizika koje je svaki primjenitelj dužan poštivati prilikom primjene nekog sredstva za zaštitu bilja, bilo da se radi o mjerama za zaštitu ljudi ili okoliša. Nadalje, prilikom primjene neophodno je pridržavati se propisanih mjera za smanjenje rizika, ograničenja primjene, propisanih količina sredstva, najvećeg broja primjena, karence te kultura na kojima se određeno sredstvo za zaštitu bilja smije primjenjivati i dr. jer se tako osigurava sigurna primjena sredstva za zaštitu bilja za ljude, životinje i okoliš. Iz navedenog proizlazi i odgovornost svakog pojedinog primjenitelja sredstva za zaštitu bilja, koji može i mora doprinijeti sigurnosti lokalne zajednice i okoliša te potrošača.
---
---
U Republici Hrvatskoj smiju se primjenjivati samo sredstva za zaštitu bilja za koja je Ministarstvo poljoprivrede izdalo odgovarajuće rješenje. Također, sva sredstva za zaštitu bilja koja se primjenjuju ne smiju sadržavati aktivne tvari koje nisu odobrene na razini EU-a, zaključuje voditeljica centra za zaštitu bilja HAPIH-a, dr.sc. Zdravka Sever.
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11. svibanj 2024 18:08
